A decrease in airborne dust and volcanic emissions has contributed to warming the North Atlantic Ocean in the past three decades,a study showed. About 70 per cent of the Atlantic's warming since 1980,at an average per-decade rate of a half-degree Fahrenheit (a quarter-degree Celsius),was due to less dust blown from African dust storms or to volcanic eruptions,scientists wrote in the journal Science. Volcanoes and dust storms are really important if you want to understand (climatic) changes over long periods of time, said the study's lead author Amato Evan,a researcher with the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He said airborne particles producing warmer temperatures can also help cause hurricanes,which thrive on warm water. Evan and his colleagues had previously shown that African dust and other airborne particles can reduce hurricane activity by allowing less sunlight to reach the water and thus cool the sea surface. Years with low dust activity,such as 2004 and 2005 - a record-breaking storm year - have been associated with more frequent storms,the researchers noted. During their study,the researchers used satellite data of dust and other particles along with existing climate models to calculate how much of the Atlantic warming of the past 26 years was due to changes in tropical volcanic activity.
