Take a look at the essential concepts, terms, and phenomena from the static and current parts of the UPSC-CSE. Also, check the answer to the previous MCQ. Word: Marburg Subject: Science, Health (Relevance: In the age of pandemic, it is needless to say that diseases are potential questions. UPSC can mix up common facts with uncommon ones. Having a brief look will keep you prepared for difficult questions as well. Try to solve a general MCQ and 'point to ponder' below.) Why in news? — The first two cases of the Marburg virus disease, a highly infectious Ebola-like disease, have been confirmed officially by Ghana after test results were verified by a Senegal laboratory. — This outbreak is only the second time that the disease has been detected in West Africa. — It was first detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in Marburg and Frankfurt in Germany; and in Belgrade, Serbia. — Due to its detection in Marburg, it got its name. What is the Marburg virus disease? — According to WHO, Marburg virus disease (MVD), is a severe, often fatal hemorrhagic fever. — It was earlier known as Marburg haemorrhagic fever. — Marburg, like Ebola, is a filovirus; and both diseases are clinically similar. What are the hosts for the Marburg virus? — Rousettus fruit bats are considered the natural hosts for the Marburg virus. — According to WHO, African green monkeys imported from Uganda were the source of the first human infection. — It was first detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in Marburg and Frankfurt in Germany; and in Belgrade, Serbia. — The disease has an average fatality rate of around 50%. — However, it can be as low as 24% or as high as 88% depending on virus strain and case management, says the WHO. What are the challenges with Marburg virus disease? — It is difficult to clinically distinguish MVD from diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever and other viral haemorrhagic fevers. — However, it is confirmed by lab testing of samples, which like Coronavirus and Ebola are extreme biohazard risks. — There is no approved antiviral treatment or vaccine for MVD as of now. —I t can be managed with supportive care. — According to the WHO, rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids, and treatment of specific symptoms can help prevent death. Point to ponder: What is "disease management"? MCQ: Which of the following statement is/are correct? 1. The non-living characteristic of viruses is the ability to be crystallised. 2. Syphilis is a viral disease. 3. Marburg like Ebola is a filovirus. a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 3 c) only 3 d) only 2 Answer to the previous MCQ:UPSC Essentials: One word a day – RCTs (d)
